Category: Total Quality Management

Deming Management Philosophy | Deming 14 Principles

By magnaparthi on 15/03/202031/03/2021

Deming Management Philosophy

THE DEMING’S PHILOSOPHY

Dr. W. Edward-Deming was a protege of Dr. Walter Shewhart, who pioneered statistical process control (SPC) at Bell Laboratories. He Spent one year studying under Sir Ronald Fisher, who pioneered design of experiments.

Dr. Deming is credited with providing the foundations of the Japanese quality miracle and resurgence as an economic power. He developed the following 14 points as a theory for management for improvement of quality, productivity and competitive position.

1. Create and publish the Aims and Purposes of the Organization

Management must demonstrate constantly their commitments to this statement. It must include investors, customers, suppliers, employees, the community and a quality philosophy. Organization must develop a long-term view of at least 10 years and plan to stay in business by setting long-range goals. Resources must be allocated for research, training and continuing education to achieve the goals. A family organizational philosophy

is developed to send the message that every one is part of the organization.

2. Learn the New Philosophy

Top management and every one must learn the new philosophy. Organizations must seek never ending improvement and refuse to accept non conformance customer satisfaction is the number one priority, because dissatisfied customers will not continue to purchase non confirming products and service. Every one in the organization, including the union, must be involved in the quality journey and change his or her attitude about quality.

3. Understand the Purpose of Inspection

Management must understand that the purpose of inspection is to improve the process and reduce it’s cost. Statistical evidence is required of self and supplier every effort should be made to reduce and then eliminate acceptance sampling.

4. Stop Awarding Business based on Price Alone

The organization must stop awarding business based on the low bid, because price has no-meaning without quality. The goal is to have single suppliers for each item to develop a long-term relationship of loyalty and trust thereby providing improved products and service.

5. Improve Constantly and forever the System

Management must take more responsibility for problems by actively finding and correcting. Problems so that quality and productivity are continually and permanently improved and costs are reduced. The focus is on preventing problems before they happen variation is expected but these must be a continual striving for its reduction using control charts.

6. Institute Training

Each employee must be oriented to the organization philosophy of commitment to never-ending improvements management must allocate resources to train employees to perform their jobs in the best manner possible.

7. Teach and Institute Leadership

Improving supervision is management’s responsibility. They must provide supervision with training in statistical methods and these 14 points so the new philosophy can be implemented. Instead of focusing on a negative. Fault-finding atmosphere, supervisors should create a positive, supportive one where pride in workmanship can flourish.

8. Drive out fear, Create Trust, and Create a Climate for Innovation

Management must encourage open, effective communication and teamwork. Fear is caused by a general feeling of being powerless to control important aspects of one’s life. It is caused by a lack of Job security, possible physical harm, performance appraisals, ignorance of organization goals, poor supervision and not knowing the job. Driving fear out of the work place involves managing for success. When people are treated with density, fear can be eliminated and people will work for the general good of the organization. In this climate, they will provide ideas for improvement.

9. Optimize the Efforts of Teams, Groups and Staff Areas

Management must optimize the efforts of teams, work groups and staff areas to achieve the aims and purposes of the organization. Barriers exist internally among levels of management, among departments, within departments and among shifts. To break down the barriers, management will need a long-term perspective. All the different areas must work together. Attitudes need to be changed ; communication channels opened project teams organized and training in team work implemented.

10. Eliminate Exhortations for the Work Forces

Exhortations that ask for increased productivity without providing specific improvement methods can handicap an organizations. They do nothing but express managements desires. They do not produce a better product or service, because the workers are limited by the system.

11. (a) Eliminate Numerical Quotas for the Work Force

Instead of quotas, management must learn and Institute methods for improvement. Quotas and work standards focus on quantity rather than quality. They encourage poor workman ship in order to meet their Quotas. Quotas should be replaced with statistical methods of process control.

11. (b) Eliminate Management by Objective

Instead of management by objective, management must learn the capabilities of the process and how to improve them. Internal goals set by management, without a method are a burlesque.

12. Remove Barriers that Rob People of Pride of Workmanship

Loss of pride in workmanship exists throughout organizations because

(1) Workers do not know how to relate to the organizations mission.

(2) They are being blamed for system problems.

(3) Poor designing leads to the production of ‘‘Junk’’.

(4) Inadequate training is provided.

(5) Punitive supervision exists.

(6) Inadequate or ineffective equipment is provided for performing the required work.

Restoring pride will require a long term commitment by management. When workers are proud of their work, they will grow to the fullest of their job. By restoring pride, everyone in the organization will be working for the common good. A barrier for people on salary is the annual rating of performance.

13. Encourage Education and Self-improvement for Everyone

What an organization needs is people who are improving with education. A long term commitment to continuously train and educate people must be made by management Deming’s 14 points and the organization’s mission should be the foundation of the education program.

14. Take Action to Accomplish the Transformation

Management has to accept the primary responsibility for the never-ending improvement of the process, it has to create a corporate structure to implement the philosophy. A cultural change is required from the previous ‘‘business as usual’’ attitude. Management must be committed, involved and accessible if the organization is to succeed in implementing the new philosophy.

Posted in: Deming, deming books, deming contribution to TQM, Deming cycle, deming improvement cycle, deming juran and crossby, deming management philosophy, deming philosophy, deming principle, deming quality management, deming regression, deming theory of quality, deming wheel of improvement, demings 14 points, demings 14 principles, PDCA, Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA), TQM

Total Quality Management

Total Quality Control | TQC

By magnaparthi on 14/03/202029/06/2021

Total Quality Control

Total Quality Control is a set of organised Kaizen activities in which everyone in the company—managers and employees are alike—participates in a seamless integration effort to improve performance at all levels. Quality, cost, scheduling, workforce, product innovation, and new product development are just a few of the cross-functional goals that have been enhanced. These practises are thought to enhance consumer satisfaction in the long run.

The way businesses are run influences not just the quality of their products and services, but also their long-term success. Firms require a Total Quality Management organizational structure in order to enhance the quality of their work.

The top – notch quality gurus of our time — Deming, Crosby, Juran, and Feigenbaum, to mention a few – developed quality improvement techniques that are used to make these changes.

History of Total Quality Control

Total Quality Control (TQC) is a production-optimization system based on principles established by Japanese companies beginning in the 1950s. The method, which combines Western and Eastern principles, originated with the notion of quality circles, which assigned responsibility for the quality of the goods produced to groups of 10–20 people. It evolved into a variety of strategies engaging both employees and management to increase productivity and quality, such as strict staff monitoring and outstanding customer service.

Definition of Total Quality Control

Total Quality Control defined as an effective system for integrating the quality development, quality maintenance and quality improvement efforts of the various groups in an organization so as to enable production and service at the most economical level which allow for full customer satisfaction.

Total Quality Control may be classified as a ‘‘Management Tool’’ for many industries outstanding improvement in product quality design and reduction in operating costs and losses.

Product quality is defined as ‘‘The composite product of engineering and manufacture that determine the degree to which the product in use will meet the expectations of the customer’’.

‘‘Control’’ represents a tool with four steps :

Setting up of quality standards.
Appraising conformance to these standards
Acting when these standards are exceeded.
Planning for improvements in these standards.

Quality control emerges as a function based on the collection analysis and interpretations of data on all aspects of the enterprise.

Total quality control is an aid for good engineering designs, good manufacturing methods and conscious inspection activity that have always been required for the production of high quality articles.

Quality of any product is effected at many stages of the industrial cycle :

Marketing : Evaluates the level of Quality which customers want for which they are willing to pay.

Engineering : Reduces this marketing evaluations to exact specification.

Purchasing : Chooses, contracts with and retains vendors for parts and materials.

Manufacturing Engineering : Select the jigs, tools and processes for production.

Manufacturing Supervision and shop operators : Exert a major quality influence during parts making, sub assembly and final assembly.

Mechanical Inspection and function Test : Check conformance to specifications.

Shipping : Influences the caliber of packaging and transportation.

Installation : Helps ensure proper operations by installing the product according to proper instructions and maintaining it through product service.

In other words, the determination of both quality and quality costs actually takes place throughout the entire industrial cycle. Quality control is responsible for quality assurance at optimum quality costs.

Total Quality Control has eight characteristics

1. Customer Focused

The client is the source of all quality. The client determines the emphasis as well as the method for accomplishing those goals. The client, however, is the one who judges whether or not the efforts were effective.

Organizations, for example, ask customers for feedback on their products and services. Use what you’ve learnt from the comments to make your product or service even better.

2. Employees Involved

Employee participation is critical in organisations that use Total Quality Control management. These team members on the front lines frequently have the answers to problems and ways to improve how work is done.

3. Process-driven

There is a strategy to everything. There are steps that lead the way in each operation, whether it’s hiring people or baking cookies. TQC organisations examine process stages, fine-tune them, and look for ways to eliminate superfluous procedures that save time and money. Use high-quality technologies to generate a visual representation of internal processes, for example.

4. Systems that are mutually reliant

Most businesses have several departments or areas of expertise, but they all have processes in place to support the ultimate product delivery. Total Quality Control – managed organisations combine these internal processes to produce a streamlined process.

This is accomplished by cultivating a culture that recognises and values how quality is established and attained. Create training for all workers that teaches quality principles and emphasises why they are there in the first place – the organization’s vision and goal.

5. Approach to Strategic Planning

Businesses that use the Total Quality Control model employ strategy to assist them accomplish their vision and goal. They create a strategy plan that serves as the foundation for all of their quality initiatives and decision-making. Spend the time to write a purpose and vision statement that will help you establish a strategic planning.

6. Continuous Improvement

Continuous improvement refers to an organization’s efforts to enhance processes that generate products and services in order to become better at what they’re doing. These continuous efforts contribute to the organization’s competitiveness and ability to satisfy the expectations of important stakeholders.

7. Decisions Based on Data-Driven

Internal processes are improved by collecting, analysing, and using data. All choices are based on the acquisition of business data on a continual basis.

The determination of important success measures determines the nature of business data. Decisions are based on these metrics. Spend some time defining your organization’s important success criteria and developing a system to gather and report statistics on them.

8. Clear and concise communication

In businesses that aim to develop, maintaining an clear and concise communication is a top priority goal. Employees and consumers are given opportunities to communicate and connect with the company on a regular basis.

Employees are informed of internal changes as soon as they become accessible, thanks to communication techniques.

Difference between Total Quality Control, Total Quality Assurance and Total Quality Management

Benefits of Total Quality Control:

The following are some of the advantages or benefits of total quality control:

Improvements in product quality and design
Reduction in operating costs and losses
Reduction in production line bottle necks
Improvement in employee morale
Improved inspection methods
Setting time standards for labour
Definite schedule for preventive maintenance
Availability of purposeful data for use in co-advertising
Furnishing of actual basis for cost accounting for standard and for scrap, rework and inspection.